Journal: Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

Article Title: Postbiotic Potential of Heat-Killed Lacticaseibacillus paracasei HP7 in Functional Dyspepsia

doi: 10.4014/jmb.2508.08029

Figure Lengend Snippet: Serum concentrations of ( A ) gastrin (GAS), ( B ) peptide YY (PYY), ( C ) gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) were measured. Data are presented mean ± SD. Different letters indicate significant differences ( p < 0.05). NOR, normal group; CONT, loperamide injected group; MOS, mosapride-treated group; HP7-L, low-dose heat-killed HP7 treated group (10 8 CFU kg/day); HP7-H, high-dose heat-killed HP7 treated group (10 9 CFU/kg/day).

Article Snippet: The level of regulatory hormones such as gastrin (GAS, CSB- E12924 ; CUSABIO, USA), gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP, CSB-E08486m), and peptide YY (PYY, CSB-EL019128MO) in the serum were quantified according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Injection

Journal: Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research : CR

Article Title: Icaritin-curcumol activates CD8 + T cells through regulation of gut microbiota and the DNMT1/IGFBP2 axis to suppress the development of prostate cancer

doi: 10.1186/s13046-024-03063-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: ICA-CUR inhibits the DNMT1/IGFBP2 pathway and activates the cytotoxic effect of CD8 + T cell. A The levels of IGFBP2 in serum were tested via ELISA. B The levels of DNMT1 and IGFBP2 in tumor tissues were tested via IHC (Magnification: ×100, scale bar = 100 μm; Magnification: ×400, scale bar = 25 μm). C The levels of DNMT1 and IGFBP2 in tumor tissues were detected by WB. D The protein changes of PD-L1, EGFR, STAT3, p-EGFR, and p-STAT3 in tumor tissues were detected by WB. E FCM was used to test the infiltration of CD8 + T cells (positivity of CD3 + CD8 + IFN-γ and CD3 + CD8 + Ki67 cells). F The levels of perforin, granzyme A, and B in sorted CD8 + T cells from tumor tissues were detected by RT-PCR. G The levels of IFN-γ and IFN-α in serum were tested via ELISA. * P < 0.05 vs. PCa

Article Snippet: According to the kit’s instructions, ELISA was utilized to evaluate levels of IGFBP2 (CSB-E04589m, CUSABIO), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) (KE10001, Proteintech), interferon-α (IFN-α) (MFNAS0, R&D Systems), Perforin (Cbic-E13429m, CUSABIO), Granzyme A (CSB-E08717m, CUSABIO, China) and Granzyme B (CSB-E08720m, CUSABIO, China).

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction

Journal: Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research : CR

Article Title: Icaritin-curcumol activates CD8 + T cells through regulation of gut microbiota and the DNMT1/IGFBP2 axis to suppress the development of prostate cancer

doi: 10.1186/s13046-024-03063-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: FMT from donors in the ICA-CUR treatment inhibits the development of PCa and activates the cytotoxic effects of CD8 + T cells. A Tumor imaging, volume, and weight measurements. B IF staining was utilized to examine changes in Ki67 expression in tumors (Magnification: ×400, scale bar = 25 μm). C The levels of IGFBP2 in serum were tested via ELISA. D The levels of DNMT1 and IGFBP2 in tumor tissues were detected by WB. E WB was used to detected the protein changes of PD-L1, EGFR, STAT3, p-EGFR, and p-STAT3 in tumor tissues. F The infiltration of CD8 + T cells in mouse tumor tissues (positivity of CD3 + CD8 + IFN-γ and CD3 + CD8 + Ki67 cells) was detected by FCM. G The expression of perforin, granzyme A, and B in sorted CD8 + T cells from tumor tissues was detected by RT-PCR. H The levels of IFN-γ and IFN-α in serum were tested via ELISA. * P < 0.05 vs. FMT-PCa

Article Snippet: According to the kit’s instructions, ELISA was utilized to evaluate levels of IGFBP2 (CSB-E04589m, CUSABIO), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) (KE10001, Proteintech), interferon-α (IFN-α) (MFNAS0, R&D Systems), Perforin (Cbic-E13429m, CUSABIO), Granzyme A (CSB-E08717m, CUSABIO, China) and Granzyme B (CSB-E08720m, CUSABIO, China).

Techniques: Imaging, Staining, Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction

Journal: Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research : CR

Article Title: Icaritin-curcumol activates CD8 + T cells through regulation of gut microbiota and the DNMT1/IGFBP2 axis to suppress the development of prostate cancer

doi: 10.1186/s13046-024-03063-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: ICA-CUR inhibits tumor development and activates cytotoxic effects of CD8 + T cells by suppressing the SCFAs-IGFBP2 axis. A The levels of DNMT1 and IGFBP2 in tumor tissues were detected by WB. B The levels of IGFBP2 in serum were tested via ELISA. C The levels of DNMT1 and IGFBP2 in tumor tissues were detected by WB. * P < 0.05 vs. ICA + CUR. D Tumor imaging, volume, and weight measurements. E IF staining to examine changes in Ki67 expression in tumors (Magnification: ×400, scale bar = 25 μm). F ELISA was used to detect the levels of IGFBP2 in serum. G The protein changes of PD-L1, EGFR, STAT3, p-EGFR, and p-STAT3 in tumor tissues were detected by WB. H The infiltration of CD8 + T cells in mouse tumor tissues (positivity of CD3 + CD8 + IFN-γ and CD3 + CD8 + Ki67 cells) was detected by FCM. I The levels of perforin, granzyme A, and B in sorted CD8 + T cells from tumor tissues were detected by RT-PCR. J ELISA was utilized to detect the levels of IFN-γ and IFN-α in serum. * P < 0.05 vs. ICA + CUR + IgG, # P < 0.05 vs. ICA + CUR + anti-IGFBP2

Article Snippet: According to the kit’s instructions, ELISA was utilized to evaluate levels of IGFBP2 (CSB-E04589m, CUSABIO), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) (KE10001, Proteintech), interferon-α (IFN-α) (MFNAS0, R&D Systems), Perforin (Cbic-E13429m, CUSABIO), Granzyme A (CSB-E08717m, CUSABIO, China) and Granzyme B (CSB-E08720m, CUSABIO, China).

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Imaging, Staining, Expressing, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction

Journal: Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research : CR

Article Title: Icaritin-curcumol activates CD8 + T cells through regulation of gut microbiota and the DNMT1/IGFBP2 axis to suppress the development of prostate cancer

doi: 10.1186/s13046-024-03063-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: ICA-CUR inhibits the development of PCa, the DNMT1/IGFBP2 pathway, and activates cytotoxic effects of CD8 + T cells in vitro. A CCK-8 was utilized to assess the proliferation ability of cells. B Transwell was applied to measure the migration and invasion ability of cells. C The level of IGFBP2 in cells was tested via ELISA. D The levels of DNMT1 and IGFBP2 in cells were detected by WB. E WB was utilized to monitor protein changes of PD-L1, EGFR, STAT3, p-EGFR, and p-STAT3. * P < 0.05 vs. Control. F FCM analysis of CD8 + IFN-γ cells. G The expression of perforin, granzyme A, and B in sorted CD8 + T cells was detected by WB. H IL-2, IFN-γ, and IFN-α levels in supernatant were measured through ELISA. I Perforin and granzyme B levels in the supernatant were tested via ELISA. & P < 0.05 vs. RM-1 + T cells

Article Snippet: According to the kit’s instructions, ELISA was utilized to evaluate levels of IGFBP2 (CSB-E04589m, CUSABIO), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) (KE10001, Proteintech), interferon-α (IFN-α) (MFNAS0, R&D Systems), Perforin (Cbic-E13429m, CUSABIO), Granzyme A (CSB-E08717m, CUSABIO, China) and Granzyme B (CSB-E08720m, CUSABIO, China).

Techniques: In Vitro, CCK-8 Assay, Migration, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Control, Expressing

Journal: Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research : CR

Article Title: Icaritin-curcumol activates CD8 + T cells through regulation of gut microbiota and the DNMT1/IGFBP2 axis to suppress the development of prostate cancer

doi: 10.1186/s13046-024-03063-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: ICA-CUR inhibits the development of PCa and activates the cytotoxic effects of CD8 + T cells through the inhibition of the DNMT1/IGFBP2 pathway. A Transfection efficiency detection by WB. B CCK-8 was utilized to assess the proliferation ability of cells. C Cell migration and invasion ability detection by Transwell assay. D The levels of DNMT1 and IGFBP2 in cells were detected by WB. E WB was utilized to monitor protein changes of PD-L1, EGFR, STAT3, p-EGFR, and p-STAT3. F FCM analysis of CD3 + CD8 + IFN-γ cells. G The levels of perforin, granzyme A, and B in sorted CD8 + T cells were detected by RT-qPCR. H The levels of IL-2, IFN-γ, and IFN-α in serum. I perforin, granzyme A and B levels in the supernatant were tested via ELISA. * P < 0.05 vs. Control, # P < 0.05 vs. ICR + CUR + oe-NC, & P < 0.05 vs. ICR + CUR + oe-DNMT1 + si-NC

Article Snippet: According to the kit’s instructions, ELISA was utilized to evaluate levels of IGFBP2 (CSB-E04589m, CUSABIO), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) (KE10001, Proteintech), interferon-α (IFN-α) (MFNAS0, R&D Systems), Perforin (Cbic-E13429m, CUSABIO), Granzyme A (CSB-E08717m, CUSABIO, China) and Granzyme B (CSB-E08720m, CUSABIO, China).

Techniques: Inhibition, Transfection, CCK-8 Assay, Migration, Transwell Assay, Quantitative RT-PCR, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Control

Journal: Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research : CR

Article Title: Icaritin-curcumol activates CD8 + T cells through regulation of gut microbiota and the DNMT1/IGFBP2 axis to suppress the development of prostate cancer

doi: 10.1186/s13046-024-03063-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Inhibiting DNMT1 could suppress PCa development and activate the cytotoxic effects of CD8 + T cells by inhibiting the IGFBP2/EGFR/STAT3/PD-L1 pathway. A Transfection efficiency detection by WB. B CCK-8 was utilized to assess the proliferation ability of cells. C Cell migration and invasion ability detection by Transwell assay. D The levels of DNMT1 and IGFBP2 were detected by WB. E , F WB was utilized to monitor protein changes of PD-L1, EGFR, STAT3, p-EGFR, p-STAT3, DNMT1, and IGFBP2. G FCM analysis of CD3 + CD8 + IFN-γ cells. H The levels of perforin, granzyme A, and B were detected by RT-PCR. I The levels of IL-2, IFN-γ, and IFN-α in serum. J Perforin, granzyme A, and B levels in the supernatant were tested via ELISA. * P < 0.05 vs. si-NC, # P < 0.05 vs. si-DNMT1 + oe-NC

Article Snippet: According to the kit’s instructions, ELISA was utilized to evaluate levels of IGFBP2 (CSB-E04589m, CUSABIO), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) (KE10001, Proteintech), interferon-α (IFN-α) (MFNAS0, R&D Systems), Perforin (Cbic-E13429m, CUSABIO), Granzyme A (CSB-E08717m, CUSABIO, China) and Granzyme B (CSB-E08720m, CUSABIO, China).

Techniques: Transfection, CCK-8 Assay, Migration, Transwell Assay, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Journal of Nanobiotechnology

Article Title: Bidirectional regulation of liver sinusoidal clearance by amino acid nanofibers and IGFBP4 complex: effects on HbA1c

doi: 10.1186/s12951-025-03943-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: Apo-hIGFBP4 complex with AAC2 exhibits distinct IR spectral and electrophoretic characteristics. ( a ) ATR FT-MIR spectra of hIGFBP4 with and without bound AAC2 were analyzed by spectral deconvolution in the 1600–1700 cm⁻¹ region. Highlighted are β-sheets, and α-helices. Each sample was measured five or more times and shown as representative samples. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA. ( b ) ATR FT-MIR spectra of AAC2 with native and denatured by heat inactivation hIGFBP4 analyzed by spectral deconvolution in the 1600–1700 cm⁻¹ region. ( c ) Electrophoresis of hIGFBP4 (lane 1), AAC2 with denatured hIGFBP4 (lane 2), and AAC2 with native hIGFBP4 (lane 3), performed under native conditions. ( d ) AFM image of AAC2 and the AAC2-IGFBP4 complex, with the enlarged regions shown in inserts d.1 and d.2. ( e , f ) Fiber diameter measurements (e, indicated by red circles) and corresponding histogram distribution ( f ) derived from AFM images of AAC2 ( n = 7) and the AAC2-IGFBP4 complex ( n = 9, * P = 0.03)

Article Snippet: Plasma concentrations of human IGFBP4 (hIGFBP4; ab100542, Abcam), mouse IGFBP4 (RK02921, Abclonal), and mouse IGF1 (ab100695, Abcam) were measured by ELISA 30 days after the initiation of treatment.

Techniques: Electrophoresis, Derivative Assay

Journal: Journal of Nanobiotechnology

Article Title: Bidirectional regulation of liver sinusoidal clearance by amino acid nanofibers and IGFBP4 complex: effects on HbA1c

doi: 10.1186/s12951-025-03943-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: AAC2-hIGFBP4 complex increased the circulation time of hIGFBP4 without influencing mouse IGFBP4 and IGF-1 levels. ( a ) schematic of the experiment showing four ob/ob male mouse groups ( n = 5 per group) treated with control (veh, PBS), AAC2 (0.1 nmol/g body weight, BW), hIGFBP4 (1.79 nmol/g BW), or AAC2-hIGFBP4 (0.1 nmol/g and 1.79 nmol/g, respectively) every 48 h for 30 days. All data are shown and mean ± SEM. (b–d) plasma levels of therapeutic hIGFBP4 ( b ), endogenous mouse IGFBP4 ( c ), and IGF-1 ( d ) measured by ELISA 30 days after the start of treatment. n.s., not significant by unpaired Student’s t-test. therapeutic hIGFBP4 ( b ), endogenous mouse IGFBP4 ( c ), and IGF-1 ( d ) measured by ELISA 30 days after the start of treatment. n.s., not significant by unpaired Student’s t-test

Article Snippet: Plasma concentrations of human IGFBP4 (hIGFBP4; ab100542, Abcam), mouse IGFBP4 (RK02921, Abclonal), and mouse IGF1 (ab100695, Abcam) were measured by ELISA 30 days after the initiation of treatment.

Techniques: Control, Clinical Proteomics, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Communications Biology

Article Title: Paradoxical regulation of IGF2 in promoting lipid metabolism in adipose tissues

doi: 10.1038/s42003-025-08458-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: A , B “U” and inverted “U” shaped relationship between IGF2 levels and the lipid species detected by LC-MS/MS assay utilizing a polynomial fourth order equation to fit the non-linear regression curve, where R² (R-squared) represents the coefficient of determination, and Sy.x represents the standard deviation of the residuals, n = 200. C , D “U” and inverted “U” shaped relationship between IGF2 levels and the lipid species detected by ELISA kit assay utilizing a polynomial fourth order equation to fit the non-linear regression curve, n = 200. E , F Pearson correlation analyses of L-IGF2 levels and H-IGF2 levels with triglyceride conducted by LC-MS/MS assay, n = 200, all p < 0.01. G , H Pearson correlation analyses of L-IGF2 levels and H-IGF2 levels with HDL-c conducted by LC-MS/MS assay, n = 200, all p < 0.05. I , J Pearson correlation analyses of L-IGF2 levels and H-IGF2 levels with triglyceride conducted by ELISA kit assay, n = 200, all p < 0.001. K , L Pearson correlation analyses of L-IGF2 levels and H-IGF2 levels with HDL-c conducted by ELISA kit assay, n = 200, all p < 0.05. M , N Multiple stepwise logistic regression analysis of MetS, HOMA-IR, and other metabolic subgroups (central obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and low HDL-c) connected with L-IGF2 and H-IGF2 levels conducted by LC-MS/MS assay and ELISA kit assay, respectively.

Article Snippet: The measurement of mice serum IGF1 level was conducted with an ELISA kit (E-EL-M3006, Elabscience, China).

Techniques: Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectroscopy, Standard Deviation, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Communications Biology

Article Title: Paradoxical regulation of IGF2 in promoting lipid metabolism in adipose tissues

doi: 10.1038/s42003-025-08458-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: A The utilization of Nile red staining and Oil red O staining techniques revealed the presence of lipid droplets in 3T3-L1 adipocytes after IGF2 overexpression and knockdown treatment. B , C Quantification of cellular triglyceride (TG) content and the levels of free fatty acid (FFA) in the medium in 3T3-L1 adipocytes after IGF2 overexpression and knockdown treatment. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01. D , E The mRNA levels of genes associated with adipogenesis, lipogenesis, and lipolysis in 3T3-L1 cells transfected with Ad-IGF2 or IGF2-RNAi as well as the corresponding controls by RT-qPCR assays, using Ppia as internal controls, n = 6, Data represent the mean ± SD; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 by two-tailed, unpaired Student’s t test. F Protein expression levels of genes related to adipogenesis, lipogenesis and lipolysis in the 3T3-L1 adipocytes by western blot assays. G Mice adipose tissue has been dissected and isolated for primary adipocyte culture, and the results of 0, 4, 8 and 12 days were induced by the classic “Cocktail” induction differentiation regimen. H Primal cell supernatant was extracted during the above induction differentiation process, and IGF2 concentration was detected by ELISA kit. n = 3. I 3T3-L1 preadipocytes underwent treatment via different concentration gradients of recombinant IGF2 protein powder and induced differentiation. Oil red O staining employment demonstrated that the deposition of lipid droplets within adipocytes.

Article Snippet: The measurement of mice serum IGF1 level was conducted with an ELISA kit (E-EL-M3006, Elabscience, China).

Techniques: Staining, Over Expression, Knockdown, Transfection, Quantitative RT-PCR, Two Tailed Test, Expressing, Western Blot, Isolation, Concentration Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Recombinant